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Team Enduroflight "Valkyrie"
Summary
Valkyrie was designed and built in 1996 by a team of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Electrical engineering students at OSU as a project for MAE 4374 Aerospace Systems Design. The design goal was to build an extreme endurance aircraft that could set an FAI Endurance record for airplanes in its class. The record at the time of Valkyrie's construction was approximately 33 hours. Flight tests including fuel consumption tests demonstrated an endurance capability of the Valkyrie of over 40 hours, and a range of approximately 1200 miles (The Valkyrie could fly direct from Stillwater to the east coast of Virginia). The actual record attempt was not completed due to logistics at semesters end.
The Airplane The Team Multimedia The Mission Sponsors
Specifications
Wing
Wingspan: 12 ft
Wing Area: 10.5 sq ft
Aspect Ratio: 13.7
Taper Ratio: 0.75 straight taper
Airfoil: E66
Dihedral: 4.5 deg (The Valkyrie had no ailerons, and turned via rudder and yaw-roll coupling due to dihedral)
Fuselage
Length: 5.25 ft
Diameter: 5.375 in
Engine: 4-stroke Saito 0.5 cu in custom modified with new carburetor, and spark ignition
Fuel: 5.5 lb of refined Naphtha.
Fuel Tank: 159 cu in (2.6 liters) custom PET tank. Custom made, secondary pressure regulation tank.
Propeller: 15x8 wood
Weights
Wing: 36 oz
Fuselage: 12.8 oz
Tailboom: 2.3 oz
Control surfaces: 4.5 oz
Cowling: 2.4 oz
Fuel tank: 5 oz
Dry Weight: 5.5 lb
Fuel Weight 5.5 lb
Systems
Basic wing leveler autopilot
Alternator for electrical power
Performance
Range: Over 1200 miles
Endurance: Over 40 hours
Fuel consumption: Tested at 1.62 oz/hr
The Enduroflight Team was lead by a chief engineer, and was divided into 4 technical groups: Aerodynamics/Stability and Control, Propulsion, Structures, and Systems.
Chief Engineer: David Fowler
Aerodynamics / Stability and Control
Heath Miller (Lead)
Brian Hafner
Propulsion
Michael Fox (Lead)
Bethany Waddell
Ching Jeat Chan
Structures
Tim Cowan (Lead)
Brandon Barnes
Ken Martin
Chen Hwang Tay
Soon-Wai Leong
Systems
Aaron Schwing
Jiman Sharyong Oon
Ahmad Ovais Chaudhry
Jen Yech Chin
Yiek-Tiong Too
Choon Wah Seow
Pilots
Dan Bierly
Paul Reinman
Faculty Advisor: Dr. Andrew S. Arena, Jr.
Team Logo:
Video
It is recommended that you right click on the link and use "Save Target as..." to download the video to your computer before playing.
Team Video (51MB): The music video introduces the team, and highlights the development and testing of the aircraft. This video also includes the night flights of the Valkyrie.
Pictures
(Hover cursor over any thumbnail on this page for a description)
The mission for the Valkyrie was to be capable of setting an FAI world endurance record. The record at the time of the Valkyrie's design was 33 hours, 39 minutes, 15 seconds. The Valkyrie falls within the FAI's F3A classification for piston engined, radio controlled aircraft. Major design constraints for this class are as follows:
Maximum gross weight: 11.023 lb
Maximum engine displacement: 0.61 cubic inches
Maximum planform area: 2325 sq in
Maximum wing loading: 24.57 oz/sq ft
Minimum wing loading: 3.95 oz/sq ft
Since attempting the record would not have been possible within the semester time frame due to logistical concerns, the Enduroflight team was required to meet three phases of qualification that demonstrated that they could break the record.
Phase 1: Night Flight
Since the aircraft would have to fly at night for a 40 hour record, the team had to demonstrate this capability.
The Valkyrie demonstrated night flight capability on a moonless night (near midnight) for 30 minutes continuously. The team used reflective tape on the aircraft combined with ground-based spotlights. This system worked remarkably well.
Phase II: Full gross weight takeoff
The aircraft had to demonstrate that it could be launched and climb when at the full gross weight of 11.023 lb.
The Valkyrie demonstrated this, and although climb was slow, it was not a problem.
Phase III: Endurance Qualification
The aircraft had to demonstrate a fuel burn rate that would achieve the required 40 hour endurance.
The Valkyrie did this, and fuel burn was reduced to an impressive 1.62 oz/hr
The following sponsors contributed to the project. The Enduroflight team greatly appreciates their support, and considers them members of our team. Without their support, the project would not have been possible.
Steve Douglas - Network America
Rick Bentley - Hydra Services
Doris Cross - Doris' Weight Loss Center
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